生成的对策网络是一种流行的方法，用于通过根据已知分发的函数来建立目标分布来从数据学习分布的流行方法。经常被称为发电机的功能优化，以最小化所生成和目标分布之间的所选距离测量。这种目的的一个常用措施是Wassersein距离。然而，Wassersein距离难以计算和优化，并且在实践中，使用熵正则化技术来改善数值趋同。然而，正规化对学到的解决方案的影响仍未得到很好的理解。在本文中，我们研究了Wassersein距离的几个流行的熵正规提出如何在一个简单的基准设置中冲击解决方案，其中发电机是线性的，目标分布是高维高斯的。我们表明，熵正则化促进了解决方案稀疏化，同时更换了与秸秆角偏差的Wasserstein距离恢复了不断的解决方案。两种正则化技术都消除了Wasserstein距离所遭受的维度的诅咒。我们表明，可以从目标分布中学习最佳发电机，以$ O（1 / \ epsilon ^ 2）$ samples从目标分布中学习。因此，我们得出结论，这些正则化技术可以提高来自大量分布的经验数据的发电机的质量。

Diversity Searcher is a tool originally developed to help analyse diversity in news media texts. It relies on a form of automated content analysis and thus rests on prior assumptions and depends on certain design choices related to diversity and fairness. One such design choice is the external knowledge source(s) used. In this article, we discuss implications that these sources can have on the results of content analysis. We compare two data sources that Diversity Searcher has worked with - DBpedia and Wikidata - with respect to their ontological coverage and diversity, and describe implications for the resulting analyses of text corpora. We describe a case study of the relative over- or under-representation of Belgian political parties between 1990 and 2020 in the English-language DBpedia, the Dutch-language DBpedia, and Wikidata, and highlight the many decisions needed with regard to the design of this data analysis and the assumptions behind it, as well as implications from the results. In particular, we came across a staggering over-representation of the political right in the English-language DBpedia.

The widespread use of information and communication technology (ICT) over the course of the last decades has been a primary catalyst behind the digitalization of power systems. Meanwhile, as the utilization rate of the Internet of Things (IoT) continues to rise along with recent advancements in ICT, the need for secure and computationally efficient monitoring of critical infrastructures like the electrical grid and the agents that participate in it is growing. A cyber-physical system, such as the electrical grid, may experience anomalies for a number of different reasons. These may include physical defects, mistakes in measurement and communication, cyberattacks, and other similar occurrences. The goal of this study is to emphasize what the most common incidents are with power systems and to give an overview and classification of the most common ways to find problems, starting with the consumer/prosumer end working up to the primary power producers. In addition, this article aimed to discuss the methods and techniques, such as artificial intelligence (AI) that are used to identify anomalies in the power systems and markets.

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have pushed the state-of-the-art (SOTA) for performance in learning and predicting on large-scale data present in social networks, biology, etc. Since integrated circuits (ICs) can naturally be represented as graphs, there has been a tremendous surge in employing GNNs for machine learning (ML)-based methods for various aspects of IC design. Given this trajectory, there is a timely need to review and discuss some powerful and versatile GNN approaches for advancing IC design. In this paper, we propose a generic pipeline for tailoring GNN models toward solving challenging problems for IC design. We outline promising options for each pipeline element, and we discuss selected and promising works, like leveraging GNNs to break SOTA logic obfuscation. Our comprehensive overview of GNNs frameworks covers (i) electronic design automation (EDA) and IC design in general, (ii) design of reliable ICs, and (iii) design as well as analysis of secure ICs. We provide our overview and related resources also in the GNN4IC hub at https://github.com/DfX-NYUAD/GNN4IC. Finally, we discuss interesting open problems for future research.

蜂窝网络（LTE，5G及以后）的增长急剧增长，消费者的需求很高，并且比具有先进的电信技术的其他无线网络更有希望。这些网络的主要目标是将数十亿个设备，系统和用户连接到高速数据传输，高电池容量和低延迟，以及支持广泛的新应用程序，例如虚拟现实，元评估，远程医疗，在线教育，自动驾驶汽车，高级制造等。为了实现这些目标，使用人工智能（AI）方法来实现频谱管理的新方法，以实现这些目标。本文使用基于AI的语义分割模型对光谱传感方法进行了脆弱性分析，以在具有防御性蒸馏方法的情况下识别对抗性攻击下的蜂窝网络信号。结果表明，缓解方法可以显着减少针对对抗攻击的基于AI的光谱传感模型的漏洞。

在本文中，我们提出了一种通用的统一跟踪方法，用于使用机器人臂控制弹性可变形物体的形状。我们的方法是通过在对象周围形成晶格，将对象绑定到晶格，并跟踪和伺服晶格而不是对象来起作用。这使我们的方法对任何通用形式的可变形物体（线性，薄壳，体积）具有完整的3D控制。此外，它将方法的运行时复杂性与对象的几何复杂性分解。我们的方法基于可行的（ARAP）变形模型。它不需要知道对象的机械参数，并且可以通过大变形将对象驱动到所需的形状。我们方法的输入是对象表面的静止形状的点云，并且每个帧中的3D摄像头捕获了点云。 Ovearll，我们的方法比现有方法更广泛地适用。我们通过各种形状和材料（纸，橡胶，塑料，泡沫）的可变形物体进行多种实验来验证方法的效率。实验视频可在项目网站上找到：https：//sites.google.com/view/tracking-servoing-apphach。

过程变化和设备老化对电路设计师构成了深刻的挑战。如果不对变化对电路路径的延迟的影响进行精确理解，无法正确估计避免定时违规行为的后卫带。对于先进的技术节点，此问题加剧了，其中晶体管尺寸达到原子水平，并且已建立的边缘受到严格限制。因此，传统的最坏情况分析变得不切实际，导致无法忍受的性能开销。相反，过程变化/衰老感知的静态时序分析（STA）为设计师提供了准确的统计延迟分布。然后可以有效地估计小但足够的时正时标志。但是，这样的分析是昂贵的，因为它需要密集的蒙特卡洛模拟。此外，它需要访问基于机密的物理老化模型来生成STA所需的标准细胞库。在这项工作中，我们采用图形神经网络（GNN）来准确估计过程变化和设备衰老对电路中任何路径延迟的影响。我们提出的GNN4REL框架使设计师能够执行快速准确的可靠性估计，而无需访问晶体管模型，标准细胞库甚至STA；这些组件均通过铸造厂的训练纳入GNN模型中。具体而言，对GNN4REL进行了针对工业14NM测量数据进行校准的FinFET技术模型的培训。通过我们对EPFL和ITC-99基准以及RISC-V处理器进行的广泛实验，我们成功估计了所有路径的延迟降级（尤其是在几秒钟内），平均绝对误差降至0.01个百分点。

The ability to estimate epistemic uncertainty is often crucial when deploying machine learning in the real world, but modern methods often produce overconfident, uncalibrated uncertainty predictions. A common approach to quantify epistemic uncertainty, usable across a wide class of prediction models, is to train a model ensemble. In a naive implementation, the ensemble approach has high computational cost and high memory demand. This challenges in particular modern deep learning, where even a single deep network is already demanding in terms of compute and memory, and has given rise to a number of attempts to emulate the model ensemble without actually instantiating separate ensemble members. We introduce FiLM-Ensemble, a deep, implicit ensemble method based on the concept of Feature-wise Linear Modulation (FiLM). That technique was originally developed for multi-task learning, with the aim of decoupling different tasks. We show that the idea can be extended to uncertainty quantification: by modulating the network activations of a single deep network with FiLM, one obtains a model ensemble with high diversity, and consequently well-calibrated estimates of epistemic uncertainty, with low computational overhead in comparison. Empirically, FiLM-Ensemble outperforms other implicit ensemble methods, and it and comes very close to the upper bound of an explicit ensemble of networks (sometimes even beating it), at a fraction of the memory cost.

最近的作品表明，卷积神经网络（CNN）架构具有朝向较低频率的光谱偏压，这已经针对在之前（DIP）框架中的深度图像中的各种图像恢复任务而被利用。归纳偏置的益处网络施加在DIP框架中取决于架构。因此，研究人员研究了如何自动化搜索来确定最佳性能的模型。然而，常见的神经结构搜索（NAS）技术是资源和时间密集的。此外，最佳性能的模型是针对整个图像的整个数据集而不是为每个图像独立地确定，这将是非常昂贵的。在这项工作中，我们首先表明DIP框架中的最佳神经结构是依赖于图像的。然后利用这种洞察力，我们提出了一种特定于DIP框架的图像特定的NAS策略，其需要比典型的NAS方法大得多，有效地实现特定于图像的NA。对于给定的图像，噪声被馈送到大量未训练的CNN，并且它们的输出的功率谱密度（PSD）与使用各种度量的损坏图像进行比较。基于此，选择并培训了一个小型的图像特定架构，以重建损坏的图像。在这种队列中，选择重建最接近重建图像的平均值的模型作为最终模型。我们向拟议的战略证明（1）证明其在NAS数据集上的表现效果，该数据集包括来自特定搜索空间（2）的500多种模型，在特定的搜索空间（2）上进行了广泛的图像去噪，染色和超级分辨率任务。我们的实验表明，图像特定度量可以将搜索空间减少到小型模型队列，其中最佳模型优于电流NAS用于图像恢复的方法。

强化学习（RL）在机器人中的应用通常受高数据需求的限制。另一方面，许多机器人场景中容易获得近似模型，使基于模型的方法，如规划数据有效的替代方案。尽管如此，这些方法的性能遭受了模型不精确或错误。从这个意义上讲，RL和基于模型的规划者的各个优势和弱点是。在目前的工作中，我们调查如何将两种方法集成到结合其优势的一个框架中。我们介绍了学习执行（L2E），从而利用近似计划中包含的信息学习有关计划的普遍政策。在我们的机器人操纵实验中，与纯RL，纯规划或基线方法相比，L2E在结合学习和规划的基线方法时表现出增加的性能。